# 載入模組

import urllib.request as request

# 指定網址

src = "https://python.org/"

# 開啟網址資料

request.urlopen(src)

執行異常訊息：

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "...PythonPython39liburllib equest.py", line 1346, in do_open

    h.request(req.get_method(), req.selector, req.data, headers,

  File "...PythonPython39libhttpclient.py", line 1253, in request

    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)

  File "...PythonPython39libhttpclient.py", line 1299, in _send_request

    self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)

  File "...PythonPython39libhttpclient.py", line 1248, in endheaders

    self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)

  File "...PythonPython39libhttpclient.py", line 1008, in _send_output

    self.send(msg)

  File "...PythonPython39libhttpclient.py", line 948, in send

    self.connect()

  File "...PythonPython39libhttpclient.py", line 1422, in connect

    self.sock = self._context.wrap_socket(self.sock,

  File "...PythonPython39libssl.py", line 500, in wrap_socket

    return self.sslsocket_class._create(

  File "...PythonPython39libssl.py", line 1040, in _create

    self.do_handshake()

  File "...PythonPython39libssl.py", line 1309, in do_handshake

    self._sslobj.do_handshake()

ssl.SSLCertVerificationError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: certificate has expired (_ssl.c:1129)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "... et_data.py", line 9, in <module>

    request.urlopen(src)

  File "...PythonPython39liburllib equest.py", line 214, in urlopen

    return opener.open(url, data, timeout)

  File "...PythonPython39liburllib equest.py", line 517, in open

    response = self._open(req, data)

  File "...PythonPython39liburllib equest.py", line 534, in _open

    result = self._call_chain(self.handle_open, protocol, protocol +

  File "...PythonPython39liburllib equest.py", line 494, in _call_chain

    result = func(*args)

  File "...PythonPython39liburllib equest.py", line 1389, in https_open

    return self.do_open(http.client.HTTPSConnection, req,

  File "...PythonPython39liburllib equest.py", line 1349, in do_open

    raise URLError(err)

urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: certificate has expired (_ssl.c:1129)>

# 載入模組

import urllib.request as request

# 指定網址

src = "https://python.org/"

# 開啟網址資料

#request.urlopen(src)

from urllib.error import HTTPError, URLError

try:

    request.urlopen(src)

    print("urlopen OK")

except HTTPError as e:

    print("HTTP code error: ", e.reason)

except URLError as error:

    print("URLError code error: ", error.reason)

顯示執行異常訊息：

URLError code error:  [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: certificate has expired (_ssl.c:1129)

問題發生原因：

驗證 SSL 憑證異常。

# 載入模組

import urllib.request as request

import ssl

from urllib.error import HTTPError, URLError

# 指定網址

src = "https://python.org/"

# 取消 SSL 憑證 認證

ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context

# 開啟網址資料

try:

    request.urlopen(src)

    print("urlopen OK")

except HTTPError as e:

    print("HTTP code error: ", e.reason)

except URLError as error:

    print("URLError code error: ", error.reason)

顯示正確執行訊息：

urlopen OK