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2023-8-25 23:19 上傳
✶臺灣的颱風變少了，是福還是禍? The Blessings and Curses of Typhoons
The Blessings and Curses of Typhoons
#篇章結構 #環境·保育 #臺灣
8/22 解析英語
作者 Angus Bain
閱讀時間 8分鐘
聽講解 聽朗讀
本圖文出處:
MP3:
臺灣的颱風變少了，是福還是禍? The Blessings and Curses of Typhoons
強烈的熱帶風暴是地球上最具破壞性的自然力量之一。
目錄 / Tips & Analysis / More to Learn / 中文翻譯(& 答案)
篇章結構 | 無挖空完整文章(請點我)
Severe tropical storms are among the most destructive natural forces on the planet. Each year, thousands of lives are lost worldwide from typhoons, cyclones, and hurricanes . Due to the effects of climate change and rising sea temperatures, these storms have been steadily growing in size and intensity over the past five decades. __1__ Dubbed Morakot, the storm led to the deaths of around 700 people and caused over US$3 billion in damage. Over the following decade, however, Taiwan was less affected by typhoons. Since 2020, not a single one has made landfall on the island.
Taiwan’s lack of typhoons in recent years has resulted from a combination of factors. According to climatologists, a persistent zone of high pressure over Taiwan, along with other atmospheric conditions, has been creating a “protective wall” around the island. __2__ So, while typhoons are still developing out in the oceans nearby, they are simply no longer making landfall in Taiwan.
This development has been both a blessing and a curse. While some people are happy to be spared the destructive effects of these storms, the absence of typhoons is having a negative environmental impact on Taiwan in some ways. __3__ Since Taiwan has relatively few sources of natural fresh water, it relies heavily on rainfall to replenish the reservoirs that provide water for domestic, industrial, commercial, and agricultural use. While typhoons may be a nuisance, they are very effective in quickly refilling major reservoirs. __4__ This has caused the government to enforce water rationing, which is not only inconvenient for residents and businesses but also has a profoundly negative effect on the economy.
The most serious consequence is drought.
The wall redirects typhoons northward, away from Taiwan towards Japan and Korea.
In fact, the typhoon with the highest recorded rainfall in the North Pacific made landfall in Taiwan in 2009.
Due to the lack of typhoons and the heavy rainfall that they bring with them, these reservoirs have regularly fallen to critically low levels in recent years.
答案: 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D
↓ 完整文章版本（無挖空）
Severe tropical storms are among the most destructive natural forces on the planet. Each year, thousands of lives are lost worldwide from typhoons, cyclones, and hurricanes . Due to the effects of climate change and rising sea temperatures, these storms have been steadily growing in size and intensity over the past five decades. In fact, the typhoon with the highest recorded rainfall in the North Pacific made landfall in Taiwan in 2009. Dubbed Morakot, the storm led to the deaths of around 700 people and caused over US$3 billion in damage. Over the following decade, however, Taiwan was less affected by typhoons. Since 2020, not a single one has made landfall on the island.
Taiwan’s lack of typhoons in recent years has resulted from a combination of factors. According to climatologists, a persistent zone of high pressure over Taiwan, along with other atmospheric conditions, has been creating a “protective wall” around the island. The wall redirects typhoons northward, away from Taiwan towards Japan and Korea. So, while typhoons are still developing out in the oceans nearby, they are simply no longer making landfall in Taiwan.
This development has been both a blessing and a curse. While some people are happy to be spared the destructive effects of these storms, the absence of typhoons is having a negative environmental impact on Taiwan in some ways. The most serious consequence is drought. Since Taiwan has relatively few sources of natural fresh water, it relies heavily on rainfall to replenish the reservoirs that provide water for domestic, industrial, commercial, and agricultural use. While typhoons may be a nuisance, they are very effective in quickly refilling major reservoirs. Due to the lack of typhoons and the heavy rainfall that they bring with them, these reservoirs have regularly fallen to critically low levels in recent years. This has caused the government to enforce water rationing, which is not only inconvenient for residents and businesses but also has a profoundly negative effect on the economy.
單字片語整理
Words in Use
●
agricultural [͵ægrɪˋkʌltʃərəl]
a. 農業的
●
destructive [dɪˋstrʌktɪv]
a. 破壞的
●
intensity [ɪnˋtɛnsətɪ]
n. 強度；熱切
●
severe [səˋvɪr]
a. 嚴厲的；十分嚴重的
●
enforce [ɪnˋfors]
vt. 實施，執行
●
spare [spɛr]
.vt. 分出，騰出；節省；使避免
a. 備用的
n. 備用品
●
curse [kɝs]
.vt. & vi. 詛咒，咒罵
n. 咒語
●
blessing [ˋblɛsɪŋ]
n. 祝福；福氣（可數）；幸運，幸事
●
hurricane [ˋhɝɪ͵ken]
n. 颶風
●
cyclone [ˋsaɪklon]
n. 旋風，氣旋
●
persistent
a. （人）堅持的，執著的；（不喜歡的事）持續存在的
●
nuisance [ˋnusn̩s]
n. 令人討厭的人或事物
●
dub [dʌb]
vt. 稱為
●
profoundly [prəˋfaʊndlɪ]
adv. 深遠地，深刻地
●
replenish [rɪˋplɛnɪʃ]
vt. 補充
●
refill [ˋrifɪl]
vt. 再加滿／注滿
●
climatologist [͵klaɪməˋtɑlədʒɪst]
n. 氣候學家
●
atmospheric [͵ætməsˋfɛrɪk]
a. 大氣的
●
rationing [ˋræʃənɪŋ]
n. 定量配給
Practical Phrases
●
rely on... 依賴……；信賴……
= count on...
= depend on / upon...
I know he is a man I can always rely on.
我知道他是一個可信賴的人。
●
have an impact on... 對……有影響 / 衝擊
= effect
= influence
= affect
The writer’s style had a deep impact on his literary successors.
這位作家的風格對後世文人有深遠的影響。
●
be effective in 對⋯⋯有效
Aspirin is very effective in relieving headaches.
阿司匹靈對緩解頭痛非常有效。
●
sb/sth be dubbed... 某人／物被稱為⋯⋯
●
water rationing 限水
Tips & Analysis
1. 第一題空格應選 (C)
理由
a. 本空格在測試對段落語意連貫性的掌握，空格前ㄧ 句提到，由於氣候變遷和不斷上升的海水溫度的影 響，這些風暴的規模和強度在過去五十年來一直穩 步增長，空格後一句提及，被稱為莫拉克的風暴導 致大約七百人死亡，並造成超過三十億美元的損 失，可知空格應提及某地的一個強烈風暴。
b. 選項 (C) 表示，事實上，北太平洋上最高紀錄雨 量的颱風於 2009 年登陸臺灣，語意連貫，且選 項中的 the typhoon(這個颱風)即是後一句的 Morakot(莫拉克颱風)，可知答案應選 (C)。
2. 第二題空格應選 (B)
理由
a. 本空格在測試對段落語意連貫性的掌握，空格前ㄧ 句提到，臺灣上空持續存在的高壓帶以及其他大氣 條件一直在該島周圍形成一道「防護牆」，空格後 一句提及，雖然颱風仍在附近外海發展，但它們根 本不再登陸臺灣，可知空格應進一步說明防護牆及 其對颱風的影響。
b. 選項 (B) 表示，這道牆讓颱風改變方向向北移 動，遠離臺灣轉至日本和韓國，語意連貫，且選 項中的 The wall(這道牆)即是空格前一句的 a “protective wall”(防護牆)，故答案選 (B)。
3. 第三題空格應選 (A)
理由
a. 本空格在測試對段落語意發展的掌握，空格前一句 提及，儘管有些人很高興能夠免受這些風暴的破壞 性影響，但颱風的缺乏在某些方面對臺灣的環境造 成了負面影響，可知空格應接著說明對臺灣的環境 有何負面影響。
b. 選項 (A) 表示，最嚴重的後果是乾旱，語意連貫， 且空格後提到臺灣十分依賴降雨，進一步說明為何 缺乏颱風會導致乾旱，故答案應選 (A)。
4. 第四題空格應選 (D)
理由
a. 本空格在測試對段落語意連貫性的掌握，空格後一 句提到，這已導致政府實施限水，不僅為居民和企 業帶來不便，也對經濟產生深遠的負面影響，可 知空格應提及是什麼原因導致了政府要實施限水政 策。
b. 選項 (D) 表示，由於缺乏颱風及其所帶來的強降 雨，這些水庫近年來經常下降到極低水位，語意連 貫，故答案應選 (D)。
More to Learn
typhoon [ taɪˋfun ] n. (發生於太平洋海域的)颱風
• The typhoon swept across the island with winds blowing at a speed of 120 kilometers per hour.
該颱風以一百二十公里的風力時速橫掃那座島嶼。
以下介紹與「颱風」相關的英文:
a. 中央氣象局根據近颱風中心附近的最大平均風速， 將颱風強度分為三級:
a mild typhoon 輕颱
a moderate typhoon 中颱
a severe typhoon 強颱
• Given that the moderate typhoon is approaching, we should cancel the picnic tomorrow.
考慮到有個中颱要來了，我們應該取消明天的野 餐。
b. super typhoon 為「超級颱風」，是西北太平洋熱 帶氣旋中最猛烈的分級，並不屬於中央氣象局的分 級標準，但設立此級的官方氣象部門為數不少，只 是下限定義不一，但一般來說，超級颱風級別通常 被用來描述風速達到每小時兩百四十公里或以上的 最強烈熱帶氣旋。
• The super typhoon is approaching the coast with extremely dangerous winds.
超級颱風挾帶著極度危險的強風正逼近海岸。
c. a typhoon warning 颱風警報
a land warning 陸上警報
a sea warning 海上警報
• The fishermen were relieved when the authorities decided to lift the sea warning.
當局決定解除海上警報時，漁民們鬆了一口氣。
d. 表「發布」颱風警報的動詞用 issue， 而「解除」颱風警報則用 lift。
• The Central Weather Bureau has issued a typhoon warning.
中央氣象局已經發布了颱風警報。
中文翻譯(& 答案)
強烈的熱帶風暴是地球上最具破壞性的自然力量之一。 全世界每年有數千人喪命於颱風、氣旋和颶風。由於氣候變 遷和不斷上升的海水溫度的影響，這些風暴的規模和強度在 過去五十年來一直穩步增長。事實上，北太平洋上最高紀錄 雨量的颱風於 2009 年登陸臺灣。這個被稱為莫拉克的風暴導致大約七百人死亡，並造成超過三十億美元的損失。然 而，在接下來的十年裡，臺灣受颱風的影響較小。自 2020 年以來，沒有一個颱風登陸臺灣。
臺灣近年少有颱風起因於多種因素的結合。根據氣候學 家的說法，臺灣上空持續存在的高壓帶以及其他大氣條件一 直在該島周圍形成一道「防護牆」。這道牆讓颱風改變方向 向北移動，遠離臺灣轉至日本和韓國。因此，雖然颱風仍在 附近外海發展，但它們根本不再登陸臺灣。
這種發展既是福也是禍。儘管有些人很高興能夠免受 這些風暴的破壞性影響，但颱風的缺乏在某些方面對臺灣的 環境造成了負面影響。最嚴重的後果是乾旱。由於臺灣的天 然淡水資源相對較少，因此重度依賴降雨來補充為家庭、工 業、商業和農業用水提供水源的水庫。雖然颱風可能是個麻煩，但它們在快速補充主要水庫方面非常有效。由於缺乏颱 風及其所帶來的強降雨，這些水庫近年來經常下降到極低水 位。這已導致政府實施限水，不僅為居民和企業帶來不便， 也對經濟產生深遠的負面影響。
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